Let’s say I, a middle aged cis man went to my doctor, wanting gender affirming care, and my doctor wanted to provide - what, if anything, would the treatment/care consist of? Just making sure my testosterone level was up to Hegseth-approved standards?


Yes and no.
While a wide range of medical treatments could be called that with 100% real world accuracy and validity, that isn’t how the term “gender affirming care” is used by doctors on a regular basis at this point in time. That might change in the future, but you’re asking about now, and about asking a physician.
So, in the current world, that doctor is going to wonder what kind of fuckery you’re pulling, and likely find a way to avoid you in the future.
Gender affirming care has a narrow range of definitions medically currently. None of those definitions include treatments that are related to a person that has congruency with their assigned gender. Things like hormone supplementation for cis women or men just isn’t that. Gynecomastia treatments aren’t gender affirming care either.
Is it in the process of changing to where that is part of the medical usage of the term? Kinda, but it’s changing from the outside in, so I’m dubious it’ll be a dominant usage any time soon.
See, if you’re cis, all medical care is gender affirming to some degree. Some of that is stretching the concept to the breaking point, but the core of the term is about providing care that modifies the body from one’s assumed gender to that which matches the internal gender. In other words, if you aren’t trans or non binary, or some other flavor other than cis, the care isn’t transformative in the same way. It just isn’t. Hrt during menopause has a different goal and a different application than hrt for transition on a medical level.
No matter how we use the term colloquially, there is absolutely a difference between colloquial usage and in-jargon usage of any term. In this case, the colloquial usage is being shifted because it radically cruel and morally wrong to deny care to those in need of it for transition when the exact same meds and procedures are often covered by insurance for cis people. The difference between the application of modalities is irrelevant on a social level because no matter that the goal of the treatment is different, it is still a treatment that not only improves lives, it saves them.
But, again, that is not the same thing as current usages within medicine. It’ll take time and effort to change that.
Edit: the other part of your question is what would that care look like. The part about the doctor wondering what kind of fuckery you were pulling is the real answer.
That being said, if it wasn’t, and the terminology did change, then what you suggested is likely to be the first thing. Your hormone levels would be tested and, if not adequate for function, supplemented. Secondary to that, you would need to consult a cosmetic surgeon for any appearance related issues.
Vision correction isn’t gender affirming care. Diabetes treatment isn’t gender affirming care. Heart transplants aren’t gender affirming care. If the scope of what is commonly or medically termed gender affirming care is broadened, these will not be included, because they have nothing to do with gender.